Industrial digital input chips provide serialized data by default. However, in systems that require real time, low latency, or higher speed, it may be preferable to provide level-translated, real-time ...

Industrial digital inputs sample and serialize the state of eight 24-V current-sinking inputs under SPI or pin-based timing control, allowing for readout of the eight states via SPI. Here is an ...

Using the analog converter input function of a compact microcontroller’s input pins to read ternary logic encoding allows two pins to sense as many as nine configuration states. When designing with ...

Living cells make decisions based on information processing genetic programmes. Many of these programmes execute digital functions 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. The capability to build synthetic digital systems in ...

Programmable logic controller IO module. How hard is it to keep track of a binary electronic system? It can only be in one of two states: on or off, open or closed, 0 or 1. While that may be correct, ...

When you first learn about digital logic, it probably seems like it is easy. You learn about AND and OR gates and figure that’s not very hard. However, going from a few basic gates to something like a ...

In our previous issue, we noted that the first step in troubleshooting digital input modules is to verify the power source of each loop. If input power is missing, the causes can be such things as ...

Logic analyzers and oscilloscopes have coexisted for several decades. The emergence of additional digital inputs on scopes more than 15 years ago gave birth to mixed-signal oscilloscopes (MSOs). Once ...

Figure 1. The standardized tape recording and playback EQ curves. The next aspect of analog tape recording is an interesting one, for it can also apply to audio transmission on long circuits ...