Submicron and nanoscale chemical identification of semiconductor materials, particularly organic ones, poses a considerable challenge in the analysis of devices and also in the process control and ...

Polymers are used in many industries, including food packaging, tire manufacturing, adhesives, and medical-grade plastics. Photothermal atomic force microscope-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) ...

Like infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy is a type of vibrational spectroscopy. These similar methods have some differing qualities, as IR bands emerge due to alterations in the dipole ...

These developments continue to fuel growing investment into the technology and manufacture of semiconductor devices at both industrial and academic research levels. Improvements in technology, ...