Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

Industrial temperature sensors are widely used with 4–20mA current-loop transmitters in industrial control and automation. In the current loop the temperature sensor converts a temperature into a ...

When taking measurements from analog sensors located at long distances, voltage drops and noise can affect precision of the readings. Therefore, a voltage-to-current (V/I) module is needed to transmit ...

The I/O capabilities built into most microcontrollers make it easy to measure the analog world. Say you want to build a data logger for temperature. All you need to do is get some kind of sensor that ...

Switch-mode power supplies can use digital current-mode techniques for protection against peak currents, magnetic field "ratcheting," and input-voltage variations. Digital control of switch-mode power ...