Measuring super smooth surfaces generally necessitates the use of optical metrology tools, but it is important to note that optical solutions are not all the same. The choice of metrology solution for ...

Input and modulation of many different parameters are essential for other competitive ‘single measurement mode’ methods to produce better results on various surface textures in the same field of view ...

Surface roughness influences many mechanical properties, including friction and adhesion, surface reactivity, semiconductor substrate quality, and surface interaction with electromagnetic waves, ...