A long-standing puzzle seems to constrain how addition and multiplication relate to each other. A graduate student has gone further than anyone else in establishing the connection. In 1983 the ...
The array can be shown as 5 groups of 3 showing that 5 x 3 = 15. Or it could be shown as 3 groups of 5 showing that 3 x 5 = 15. This demonstrates that multiplication is commutative. Image caption, ...