Background Upper and lower limb (peripheral) pain is prevalent in athletes. Contemporary research prioritises multidimensional pain assessment and classification. This study aims to review ...

A doctor will often ask a person with chronic pain to create a “pain map” to show where in their body they experience pain. The doctor will then combine the map with other symptoms to diagnose and ...

Infant pain assessment is challenging because infants are unable to verbalize the presence and intensity of their pain. Pain is uniquely experienced and expressed by each individual and can be ...