Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who had the lowest urine ammonium excretion had a 46% higher risk of dying or needing dialysis when compared with patients with the highest levels of urine ...

In the case of cadmium (Cd), the main route of exposure for environmentally exposed individuals is through the diet. For smokers, tobacco use is also an important route of exposure. 4, 5, 6 After ...

The relation between sodium intake and cardiovascular disease remains controversial, owing in part to inaccurate assessment of sodium intake. Assessing 24-hour urinary excretion over a period of ...

HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (6-chloro-7-sulfamyl-3,4,dihydro-l,2,4, benzothiadiazine-1,1,-dioxide) is the 3,4,dihydro derivative of chlorothiazide wherein the 3,4 double bond is saturated by two hydrogen ...

Urine that smells like ammonia may be more concentrated. This may indicate certain health conditions, including dehydration. Why does urine smell? Urine can vary in color — and smell — based on the ...

Drug elimination is the process by which pharmaceutical substances are removed from the body. All drugs are eventually eliminated from the body, although there are various pathways that may be ...

A research team has discovered that metformin, the most widely prescribed anti-diabetic drug, causes sugar to be excreted in the stool. Taking advantage of the new bio-imaging apparatus PET-MRI, they ...

The Rich Earth Institute in Brattleboro, Vermont, aims to shift how we think about our own waste. They want to "close the nutrient cycle" by using our urine to grow what we next consume. Today, most ...